13

Volume 13
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ARTICLES

1. Itono, H. 1977. Studies on the Southern Japanese Species of Galaxaura (Rhodophyta). Micronesica. 13 (1): 1-26. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1977.
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Studies on the Southern Japanese Species of Galaxaura (Rhodophyta)

Itono, H.

This paper deals with twenty species of Galaxaura collected from the southern parts of Japan. Of these, seven species are reported for the first time from the southern parts of Japan, i.e., G. delabida Kjellman, G. pacifica Tanaka, G. glabriuscula Kjellman, G. pilifera Kjellman, G. cylindrica (Solander) Lamouroux, G. contigua Kjellman, and G. ventricosa Kjellman. G. yamadae Itono is described here as a new species.

Most of these species, except for G. yamadae, found in the southern Japan are found in Micronesia and the tropical Pacific.
Micronesica 13 (1): 1-26, 1977.
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Itono 1977
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studies_in_the_southern_japanese_species_of_galaxaura_rhodophyta_by_itono_h._by_itono_h._-_micronesica_vol._13_no._1_june_1977_o.pdf (7.07 MB)
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2. Fosberg, F.R., M.V.C. Falanruw, & M.-H. Sachet. 1977. Additional Records of Vascular Plants from the Northern Mariana Islands. Micronesica. 13 (1): 27-32. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1977.
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Additional Records of Vascular Plants from the Northern Mariana Islands

Fosberg, F.R., M.V.C. Falanruw, & M.-H. Sachet.

Since the publication of our Vascular Flora of the Northern Mariana Islands (Fosberg et al., 1975) further collections have been made in these islands by members of the University of Guam Expedition of 1975. These included a number of new island records and what seems to be Achyranthes aspera var. fruticosa, which is new to Micronesia. These are mostly listed below with the islands, localities, names of collectors, and collection numbers. The specimens cited are all deposited in the U.S. National Herbarium, Washington, D.C. Duplicates of most of them are in the Yap Institute of Science and may eventually be deposited in the herbarium of the University of Guam. A few specimens are still under study and will be reported on later.
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Micronesica 13 (1): 27-32, 1977.
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Fosberg, Falanruw, & Sachet 1977
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additional_records_of_vascular_plants_from_the_northern_mariana_islands_by_fosberg_f.r._falanruw_m._sachet_m._-_micronesica_vol._13_no._1_june_1977_o.pdf (467.91 KB)
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3. Bruce, A.J. 1977. Periclimenes kororensis n. sp., An Unusual Shrimp Associate of the Fungiid Coral, Heliofungia actiniformis. Micronesica. 13 (1): 33-44. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1977.
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Periclimenes kororensis n. sp., An Unusual Shrimp Associate of the Fungiid Coral, Heliofungia actiniformis

Bruce, A.J.

A new species of pontoniine shrimp, Periclimenes kororensis, from Koror, Western Caroline Islands, is described. The single example, an ovigerous female lacking both second pereiopods, was found in association with a scleractinian host, Heliofungia actiniformis. The species appears to be an aberrant member of the "P. grandis species-group", and not closely related to any previously described species.
Micronesica 13 (1): 33-44, 1977.
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Bruce 1977
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periclimenes_kororensis_n._sp._an_unusual_shrimp_associate_of_the_fungiid_coral_heliofungia_actiniformis_by_bruce_a.j._-_micronesica_vol._13_no._1_june_1977_o.pdf (1.87 MB)
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4. Drahos, N. 1977. Additions to the Avifauna of Guam. Micronesica. 13 (1): 45-48. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1977.
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​Additions to the Avifauna of Guam

Drahos, N.

While some of the following 10 bird species have been recorded on other Micronesian islands (Seale, 1901; Baker, 1951; Jouanin, 1956), they have never been recorded on Guam.
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Micronesica 13 (1): 45-48, 1977.
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Drahos 1977
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additions_to_the_avifauna_of_guam_by_drahos_n._-_micronesica_vol._13_no._1_june_1977_o.pdf (596.62 KB)
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5. Pratt, H.D., P.L. Bruner, & D.G. Berrett. 1977. Ornithological Observations on Yap, Western Caroline Islands. Micronesica. 13 (1): 49-56. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1977.
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Ornithological Observations on Yap, Western Caroline Islands

Pratt, H.D., P.L. Bruner, & D.G. Berrett.

The Yap Group has been the least known of all the major Micronesian island groups in terms of the bird fauna. Baker's (1951) treatise on the birds of Micronesia contains little information regarding the Yapese avifauna. Fisher (1950) reported on a month's ornithological observation and collecting on Yap in 1946. For a discussion of the topography and vegetation of Yap, the reader is referred to that paper. Virtually nothing has been written in the subsequent quarter century concerning Yapese birds.
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Micronesica 13 (1): 49-56, 1977.
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Pratt, Bruner, & Berrett 1977
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ornithological_observations_on_yap_western_caroline_islands_by_pratt_h.d.p.l._bruner_d.g._berrett_-_micronesica_vol._13_no._1_june_1977_o.pdf (2.51 MB)
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6. Owen, R.P. 1977. New Bird Records for Micronesia and Major Island Groups in Micronesia. Micronesica. 13 (1): 57-64. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1977.
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New Bird Records for Micronesia and Major Island Groups in Micronesia

Owen, R.P.

Since Baker (1951) published his comprehensive work on the birds of Micronesia, several ornithologists and other observers have seen or collected additional bird species in Micronesia. This list of 15 species new to Micronesia, and 11 species new to major island groups in Micronesia, increases the published knowledge of Micronesian birds on the basis of birds observed or collected by the author.
Micronesica 13 (1): 57-64, 1977.
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Owen 1977
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new_bird_records_for_micronesia_and_major_island_groups_by_owen_r.p._-_micronesica_vol._13_no._1_june_1977_o.pdf (1.01 MB)
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7. Owen, R.P. 1977. A Checklist of the Birds of Micronesia. Micronesica. 13 (1): 65-82. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1977.
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A Checklist of the Birds of Micronesia

Owen, R.P.

This paper lists 191 species of birds found in Micronesia based on publications on collections and acceptable sight records. The last published checklist of Micronesian birds was published by Baker (1951) and lists 151 species. This present checklist records the English names, scientific names, and geographic localities within Micronesia in which the different species are found, and also gives status information on the birds such as whether resident, migrant or vagrant, and whether introduced, endangered, or extinct.
Micronesica 13 (1): 65-82, 1977.
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Owen 1977
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a_checklist_of_the_birds_of_micronesia_by_owen_r.p._-_micronesica_vol._13_no._1_june_1977_o.pdf (2.45 MB)
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8. Marshall, M. 1977. Kermadec Petrel In The Eastern Caroline Islands. Micronesica. 13 (1): 83-84. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1977.
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Kermadec Petrel In The Eastern Caroline Islands

Marshall, M.

While traveling aboard the M/V Ran Annim between Namoluk and Losap Atolls southeast of Truk in the Eastern Caroline Islands on 27 May 1976, I saw a seabird astern of the ship. The most noticeable feature of the seabird was very distinct white patches on the underside of the wings near the tips. The wingspan was 0.9 to 1.2 m, the wings were quite broad and slightly blunted at the ends, and the bird appeared somewhat hawklike in shape and behavior. The beak was gull-like and the tail was fan-shaped. The bird was dark brown above and grey below, with the grey extending to the head and breast. Wingbeats were strong and purposeful, although this individual soared and glided briefly in our wake before flying past us and moving to the WNW. These observations were made well out of sight of land at approximately 1315 on a clear sunny day over a period of about five minutes.
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Micronesica 13 (1): 83-84, 1977.
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Marshall 1977
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kermadec_petrel_in_the_eastern_caroline_islands_by_marshall_m._-_micronesica_vol._13_no._1_june_1977_o.pdf (127.51 KB)
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9. Tsuda, R.T. & F.O. Wray. 1977. Bibliography of Marine Benthic Algae in Micronesia. Micronesica. 13 (1): 85-120. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1977.
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​Bibliography of Marine Benthic Algae in Micronesia

Tsuda, R.T. & F.O. Wray.

A bibliography of marine benthic algae reported from Micronesia is presented in four sections-I. Classification of Micronesian algae, II. Species-reference index, III. Island-reference index, and IV. References.
Micronesica 13 (1): 85-120, 1977.
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Tsuda & Wray 1977
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bibliography_of_marine_benthic_algae_in_micronesia_by_tsuda_r.t._wray_f.o._-_micronesica_vol._13_no._1_june_1977_o.pdf (4.85 MB)
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10. Johannes, R.E. 1977. Traditional Law of the Sea in Micronesia. Micronesica. 13 (2): 121-128. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1977.
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Traditional Law of the Sea in Micronesia

Johannes, R.E.

Current discussions of sea law have centered largely around the rights of different countries in offshore waters. Here I want to talk about another branch of law of the sea-that which deals with the rights of people to coastal marine resources within single countries. A low priority has generally been given to this branch by legislators and legal experts in the Pacific islands. In Micronesia, for example, the law governing the allocation of coastal marine resources is ambiguous and therefore weak. I want to try to explain briefly why potentially serious environmental and economic problems are not being dealt with adequately as a result.
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Micronesica 13 (2): 121-128, 1977.
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Johannes 1977
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traditional_law_of_the_sea_in_micronesia-micronesica_vol._13_no._2_dec._1977o.pdf (2.53 MB)
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11. Lessa, W.A. 1977. Traditional Uses of the Vascular Plants of Ulithi Atoll, with Comparative Notes. Micronesica. 13 (2): 129-190. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1977.
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​Traditional Uses of the Vascular Plants of Ulithi Atoll, with Comparative Notes

Lessa, W.A.

The vascular plants of Ulithi Atoll in the Caroline Islands of Micronesia are identified by their botanical and vernacular names, and the various ways in which they have traditionally been utilized are described, without necessary reference to techniques or horticulture, preparation, or consumption. Comparisons are made with the vernacular names and the uses of the same species on other Carolinian islands for which reliable information is available.
Micronesica 13 (2): 129-190, 1977.
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Lessa 1977
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traditional_uses_of_the_vascular_plants_of_ulithi_atoll_with_comparative_notes-micronesica_vol._13_no._2_dec._1977o.pdf (22.74 MB)
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12. Tsuda, R.T, F.R. Fosberg, & M.-H. Sachet. 1977. Distribution of Seagrasses in Micronesia. Micronesica. 13 (2): 191-198. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1977.
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Distribution of Seagrasses in Micronesia

Tsuda, R.T, F.R. Fosberg, & M.-H. Sachet.

Six species of seagrasses have been reported previously from the Micronesian region based on collections from 16 islands and atolls (Fosberg, 1955, 1961, 1976; Moul, 1957; Stone, 1971; den Hartog, 1970, Sachet and Fosberg, 1973, and various other authors, included in the References Cited) . The six species are Halodule uninervis, Cymodocea rotundata, Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Halophila minor, and Halophila ovalis.
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Micronesica 13 (2): 191-198, 1977.
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Tsuda, Fosberg, & Sachet 1977
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distribution_of_seagrasses_in_micronesia-micronesica_vol._13_no._2_dec._1977o.pdf (3.18 MB)
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13. Kohn, A.J. & J.K. White. 1977. Polychaete Annelids of an Intertidal Reef Limestone Platform at Tanguisson, Guam. Micronesica. 13 (2): 199-216. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1977.
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Polychaete Annelids of an Intertidal Reef Limestone Platform at Tanguisson, Guam

Kohn, A.J. & J.K. White.

Quantitative analyses of the polychaete fauna in two samples from a low intertidal reef limestone platform at Tanguisson, Guam, revealed close similarities in abundance, family and generic composition, and species diversity with results from prior studies of similar habitats elsewhere in the tropical Indo-West Pacific region. The samples contained 29 species of polychaetes, of which 15 were determined to species, 8 to genus, and 6 only to family. Total polychaete density based on the one complete substratum sample is estimated as 43,500/m2, also comparable to estimates from other similar habitats. Syllis (Langerhansia) cornuta dominated both samples numerically, accounting for 42% and 43% of all polychaetes. The Syllidae was by far the most abundant family, accounting for 75% and 93% of all polychaetes, as is typical in such habitats. Despite their abundance, however, syllids are so small that they represented only about 1 g/m2 dry weight. The dominant species by biomass was Palola siciliensis (about 16 g/m2 dry weight).

Despite the proximity of the study site to the heated-water effluent of a power plant, no adverse effect on the polychaete fauna was detected, such as lower than expected diversity or presence of pollution indicator species.

Of the 27 species of polychaetes now identified as occurring at Guam, 24 are widely distributed in the tropical Indo-West Pacific region. Odontosyllis ctenostoma was previously known from the Atlantic, Mediterranean and questionably Japan . The new, lndo-West Pacific records are Sphaerosyllis ovigera, known previously only from the Atlantic, and Exogone longicornis, from the Galapagos.
Micronesica 13 (2): 199-216, 1977.
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Kohn & White 1977
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polychaete_annelids_of_an_intertidal_reef_limestone_platform_at_tanguisson_guam-micronesica_vol._13_no._2_dec._1977o.pdf (5.5 MB)
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14. Rowe, F.W.E. & J.E. Doty. 1977. The Shallow-Water Holothurians of Guam. Micronesica. 13 (2): 217-250. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1977.
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The Shallow-Water Holothurians of Guam

Rowe, F.W.E. & J.E. Doty.

Thirty species of holothurians are now known from Guam; of these, six are new records. A key to the species is given along with illustrations of living specimens and their spicules. The distributional patterns of species across several of Guam's reef flats are discussed. A list is given of the commercially utilisable species of the island and the zoogeographical relationships of the Guamanian fauna are described . Methods of preservation and identification are also described.
Micronesica 13 (2): 217-250, 1977.
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Rowe & Doty 1977
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shallow-_water_holothurians_of_guam-micronesica_vol._13_no._2_dec._1977o.pdf (10.57 MB)
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15. Marsh, L.M. 1977. Coral Reef Asteroids of Palau, Caroline Islands. Micronesica. 13 (2): 251-282. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1977.
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Coral Reef Asteroids of Palau, Caroline Islands

Marsh, L.M.

A collection of nearly 600 specimens of Asteroidea from Palau, representing 24 species in 18 genera and 8 families is reported herein.

A new species, Asterina corallicola, is described and the following 9 species are recorded from Palau for the first time: Celerina heffernani, Fromia milleporella, Gomophia egyptiaca (?), Neoferdina offreti, Ophidiaster robillardi, Asterina anomala, Mithrodia clavigera, Echinaster callosus, and an undetermined species of Nardoa.
Micronesica 13 (2): 251-282, 1977.
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Marsh 1977
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coral_reef_asteroids_of_palau_caroline_islands.-micronesica_vol._13_no._2_dec._1977o.pdf (9.68 MB)
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16. Yamaguchi, M. 1977. Larval Behavior and Geographic Distribution of Coral Reef Asteroids in the Indo-West Pacific. Micronesica. 13 (2): 283-296. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1977.
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Larval Behavior and Geographic Distribution of Coral Reef Asteroids in the Indo-West Pacific

Yamaguchi, M.

Coral reef asteroids in the Indo-West Pacific faunal region may be divided into two groups, one widely distributed from continental areas to out among the scattered oceanic islands (widely distributed species) and the other found only along the continental land mass and proximal islands (continental species). A major difference in asteroid faunal compositions between Palau and Guam is the absence of the common continental species on the oceanic island of Guam. Larval development in four species, Archaster typicus and Protoreaster nodosus (continental species) and Culcita novaeguineae and Acanthaster planci (widely distributed species), shows marked similarities in morphology and rate of development when reared under similar conditions in the laboratory at Palau. The results from larval cultivation of these common asteroid species at Palau, Guam and in literatures suggest that the geographic distribution patterns might result from the modes of larval swimming behavior. Positive geotaxis in the continental species is in contrast with the negative geotaxis in the widely distributed species during most of their pelagic life span.
Micronesica 13 (2): 283-296, 1977.
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Yamaguchi 1977
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larval_behavior_and_geographic_distribution_of_coral_reef_asteroids_in_the_indo-west_pacific-micronesica_vol._13_no._2_dec._1977o.pdf (2.34 MB)
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17. Hasse, J.J., B.B. Madraisau, & J.P. McVey. 1977. Some Aspects of the Life History of Siganus canaliculatus (Park) (Pisces: Siganidae) in Palau. Micronesica. 13 (2): 297-312. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1977.
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Some Aspects of the Life History of Siganus canaliculatus (Park) (Pisces: Siganidae) in Palau

Hasse, J.J., B.B. Madraisau, & J.P. McVey.

Certain aspects of the life history of Siganus canaliculatus from the Western Caroline Islands were examined. Average fecundity was 295,750 eggs per female with an average egg diameter of 0.5 mm. In most females ovary enlargement began in late February with a cyclic pattern of high modes indicating spawning in mid-March, mid-April, and mid-May. Spawning dates were four or five days after the new moon. Spawning areas were characterized by access to the open ocean via channels, large Enhalus flats, and extensive mangrove flats. Spawning schools were at least twice the size of nonspawning schools, with a sex ratio of 1:2 favoring males instead of 3:1 favoring females in the nonspawning school. Observations of captive fish indicated an evening or early morning spawning time.

The first three weeks of life for S. canaliculatus were not investigated, but all parameters indicate a pelagic existence during this period. Twenty to twenty -two days after spawning, schools of 2.3 cm SL fish appeared on the reef flats. S . canaliculatus grows to 80% of its adult size in six months and reaches maturity in one year. Individual fish probably spawn several times in a given year. Longevity is at least two years, with females surviving at a higher rate after one year.

S. canaliculatus is a continuous grazer with schools usually consisting of similar sized fish except for juvenile schools. In mixed species schools, S. canaliculatus was usually the most numerous species. Older fish were more wary than juveniles. Predator attacks resulted in the scattering of the school which reformed immediately. Drastic changes in coloration were exhibited when fish were stressed by predators or low oxygen levels. Oxygen levels below 2.5 ppm were not tolerated. Nocturnal activity was minimal on moonless nights, but greatly elevated on moonlit nights .
Micronesica 13 (2): 297-312, 1977.
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Hasse, Madraisau, & McVey 1977
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some_aspects_of_the_life_history_of_siganus_canaliculatus_park_pisces-_siganidae_in_palau-micronesica_vol._13_no._2_dec._1977o.pdf (5.26 MB)
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18. Freund, P. & M. Marshall. 1977. Research Bibliography of Alcohol and Kava Studies in Oceania: Update and Additional Items. Micronesica. 13 (2): 313-317. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1977.
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​Research Bibliography of Alcohol and Kava Studies in Oceania: Update and Additional Items

Freund, P. & M. Marshall.

Marshall (1974) recently compiled a bibliography of research dealing with alcohol and kava use in the Pacific Islands consisting of 70 separate items divided more or less equally between alcohol and kava studies. Scholars familiar with the Pacific know that the preparation and consumption of kava by Pacific Islanders has caught the attention of outsiders for a long time and this fact is made apparent by the additional bibliography on alcohol and kava in Oceania provided below. Fully 63 of the 84 new items concern kava and a substantial number of these date from the nineteenth century. Six of the items listed below are updates of work mentioned in the 1974 compilation (e.g., papers read at professional meetings that subsequently have been published). Since much of the kava literature appears in languages other than English, we have provided translations of titles not readily comprehensible to persons unfamiliar with the language in question.
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Micronesica 13 (2): 313-317, 1977.
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Freund & Marshall 1977
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research_bibliography_of_alcohol_and_kava_studies_in_oceania-_update_and_additional_items-micronesica_vol._13_no._2_dec._1977o.pdf (2.36 MB)
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